15 rectangles
1 = full rectangle
5 = small rectangles
4 = two combined rectangles
3 = three combined rectangles
2 = four combined rectangles
18 sheep by dog, 6 sheep by you
The total is between 20 and 30, so 4x must be one of: 24 or 28.
If 4x=24, then x=6 → dog has 18.
Both even numbers
Barrel = 20 lbs
The wool barrel weighs 40 pounds total, so:
barrel + wool = 40
x+w=40
You’re told the grain weighs twice as much as the wool, so:
grain = 2w
The grain barrel weighs 60 pounds total, so:
barrel + grain = 60
x+2w=60
BamBam is yellow, Ruffles is blue, and YoYo is red
45 handshakes
Each person shakes hands with 9 others.
That looks like 10×9=90,
but every handshake involves two people,
so each one gets counted twice.
So divide by 2.
252 meters
From Marker 1 to Marker 10, you pass 9 gaps between markers
(1→2, 2→3, …, 9→10).
So the distance is: 9×28=252